Lift was compiled in conjunction with the themed section on Flight featured in issue 11 of Cabinet.
1 BDF, "DEPARTURE" (2:22)
"Departure" is a composite of three sources: a slice of found sound, an excerpt from Daniel Warner's "Airports for Music" (drawn from field recordings of airport exteriors) and Fugitive Pope's "560 m.p.h. at 30,000 ft." (inspired by a red-eye flight and composed on a Buchla analog modular synthesizer).
2 YURI GAGARIN, "VOICE OF FIRST HUMAN BEING IN SPACE" (1:16)
On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was launched into space aboard the spaceship-sputnik Vostok. Gagarin orbited the earth at 18,000 miles per hour for 108 minutes, during which he periodically radioed back to earth. In its news broadcast that evening, Radio Moscow carried excerpts from Gagarin's transmissions: "I can see the earth. Visibility is good. Can hear you excellently. Flight proceeds well. I can see the earth. Visibility is good ... I can see everything. Some of the space below is overcast with cumuli ... I am continuing in flight. Everything is normal. Instruments are functioning excellently. Everything is in good order. My flight is progressing ... Feeling fine. My spirits are high. I am continuing in flight. Everything is going well. The machine is functioning normally." Recording courtesy of Steve Roden.
3 rx:tx, "SIGNAL TERRITORY" (8:01)
rx:tx was launched in April 2002 in Kwangju, Republic of Korea, with the presentation of the first two editions, "Signal Territory: Signal Territory I" and "Jadviga: Nonim" during the opening of the Kwangju Biennial. The label was established by a group of Slovenian conceptual and sound artists, computer engineers, and architects, working mainly in the electronic music field. rx:tx is formally a division of Zavod Projekt Atol, a non-profit art production organization founded in 1994 and managing diverse artistic and scientific projects, among them the makrolab (makrolab.ljudmila.org) and the INSULAR Technologies initiative (www.insular.net). rx:tx works closely with space-related institutions, such as the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre Zvezdni Gorodok, Centre for Flight Control, Korolev, State Rocket Centre "Academician V. P. Makeyev Design Bureau," and the M.I.R. European initiative to facilitate art, technology, and science collaborations in space and zero gravity-related environments.
4 VOICE OF THE LIBERATION OF IRAQ, "22 MARCH 2003, 18:43 GMT" (2:33)
Below is an excerpt from ClandestineRadio.com's website in April 2003: "Following the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the Voice of the Liberation of Iraq is playing an important role in the coalition's psychological war strategy. Between psy-op messages aimed at enlisted soldiers and Republican Guard officers urging them to defy orders from Baghdad, to surrender properly, to avoid actions that could lead to charges of war crimes, and to refrain from destroying the country's natural resources, the station pumps out militant martial music. Its programming is highly reminiscent of the CIA's Operation Sherwood, which applied intense pressure on Guatemala's leftist government in 1954 through radio broadcasts that ultimately led to the president's overthrow. The radio station portrays itself as guerilla-run by the "Iraqi opposition." Sources based in Iraq say the Voice of the Liberation of Iraq is likely a product of US intelligence that is attempting to soften the resolve of Iraqi troops based in Iraqi Kurdistan. Members of the Iraqi pro-democratic opposition contacted by ClandestineRadio.com and Clandestine Radio Watch claim no knowledge of the station and its operations."
The sample included on this CD is a call to the Iraqi Air Force. It states that Saddam Hussein has used the people of Iraq for his own benefit and that ridding Iraq of Saddam is the best solution. It states that the coalition forces are not here to hurt the people of Iraq or Iraqi fighters and recommends that the Iraqi air force follows these orders:
1. Face your planes to each other.
2. Don't let ground air defense forces use their weapons against coalition aircraft.
3. Move away from the base and go back home to your wife and children.
4. Don't fight coalition troops.
By Nick Grace (Washington) with Takuya Hirayama (Japan) and translation by Tarek Zeidan (Egypt), all of ClandestineRadio.com.
5 MARINA ROSENFELD, "SOFT AERIE-LP TERRAIN REPORT" (6:17)
In much of her audio work, Marina Rosenfeld records processed sound- fragments onto acetates—one-off vinyl records—that she mixes in multi-turntable live performances. After the acetates are cut, Rosenfeld inspects them through a microscope. Here, she offers a sonic interpretation of this microscopic landscape—"a kind of aerial map of the vinyl LP surface, like a bird's-eye view or a satellite's (audio-)image of the grooves, hollows, and pockmarks of this very complex shiny terrain."
6–7 HENNING CHRISTIANSEN, "EXCERPTS FROM REQUIEM OF ART (FLUXORUM ORGANUM II)" (4:38) and (8:04)
Danish composer Henning Christiansen worked closely with Joseph Beuys from the late-1960s until Beuys's death in 1986. Flight figured centrally in Beuys's aesthetic mythology. A combat pilot during World War II, Beuys is said to have been shot down by Russian gunfire in the Crimea, where he was rescued by nomadic Tartars, who rubbed him with fat and wrapped him in felt materials that became prominent in Beuys's artistic output. Airplane sounds figure centrally in this piece, written for Beuys's action Celtic (Kinloch Rannoch), performed with Christiansen in Edinburgh in August 1970. Christiansen sat on the ground manipulating five tape recorders. Beuys drew a few letters on a small blackboard, then slowly pushed it around the floor with a pole. Films featuring Beuys and Scotland's Rannoch Moor were projected on the wall. Then, for 90 minutes, Beuys peeled bits of gelatin from the walls and placed them in a tray. In the climactic conclusion, he dumped the tray of gelatin over his head and then stood still for 40 minutes holding a pole and looking like a centurion. In the first excerpt, amid the sounds of airplanes, ship horns, organs, chain-gang hammers, and church bells, a woman's voice delivers a solitary monologue: "Like a mummy, his legs were wrapped with narrow strips of rags. A hunched, gaunt, naked human being, in whose long hair, hanging down to his sides, was stuck dried leaves, dust, and thorns. Around his hips and knees, he wore straw-mud and shreds of linen. His loose, earth-colored skin hung like rags around his fleshless limbs. Dried-out, bleached-out, with rods, hair, cave, relic, mummy, burned-out fire, ashes."
8 CHRISTINA KUBISCH, "NAH UND FERN" (2:07)
"In 2001, I had a residency at the Djerassi Foundation in California. The place is in the middle of the Santa Cruz mountains, very isolated and almost without inhabitants. I expected silence, loneliness, isolation. But isolated places are best for planes—all kinds of them, from small ones to jumbos. Every 15 minutes or so a plane passed by, though the people living there said they did not hear them any more. I quickly learned to distinguish the planes by their sounds; and I recognized the answers the birds and other animals were giving to the noisy visitors in the sky. This short piece—the encounter of a plane and a coyote at night—is mixed from original recordings in the Santa Cruz Mountains." Produced with the support of the Electronic Studio of the Berlin Technical University. Mastering by Onnen Bock.
9 GORDON MONAHAN, "SPEAKER SWINGING" (7:05) "'Speaker Swinging' is an experiment for three or more swinging loudspeakers and nine audio oscillators. It was first inspired by hearing Trans Am automobiles cruising on a hot summer night with heavy metal blaring from the windows. As the cars cruised by, there was that fleeting moment of wet, fluid music when one tonality melts into another. I also enjoyed hearing small aircraft flying at low altitudes. Ever since I started working with analog electronic synthesizers in the mid-70s, I couldn't help but notice the similarity in sound of a small plane flying by and two low-frequency sawtooth oscillators tuned slightly apart. I often use this effect in 'Speaker Swinging'—the physical movement of the speakers flying by while broadcasting slightly out-of-tune oscillators. The subsequent acoustical processes of phasing, vibrato, and tremolo are fundamental to the work, as are the elements of sweat, struggle, fear, and seduction. 'Speaker Swinging' grew out of a desire to animate the typical electronic music concert and, in effect, to realize the loudspeaker as a valid electronic music instrument in itself. The rotary speaker motion and the corresponding Doppler shifts can become metaphors for the molecular movements of electrons that occur within solid-state tremolo and vibrato circuits. It mimics these miniature processes that not long ago were modeled on human-scale mechanical-acoustic systems. By making reference to the atomic, it necessarily acknowledges the celestial."
10 AIBA, "SPIRIT SÉANCE SONG" (8:45) Steven Feld, who made this recording in 1977 in Bosavi, Papua New Guinea, writes: "Like many Melanesians, the Bosavi people of the Papua New Guinea rainforest imagine themselves to inhabit one side of a reflection world. The image is of a world that reaches to the top of the forest canopy only to touch another, the same but upside down. Birds have the unique ability to move in between and show through from one side to the other. And so birds, into whom Bosavis will turn upon death, are called 'gone reverberations' or 'gone reflections.' They are spirit voices and images, absences transformed into presence, as seen and heard in everyday forest avifauna. In local ceremonies, Bosavi people costume and sing to turn themselves into birds so as to make a special contact with this spirit world. And in spirit séances, where bird spirit voices come through a medium, local people can come into contact and converse with the echo presence of the other side." This piece is drawn from the 3-CD set Bosavi: Rainforest Music from Papua New Guinea, issued by Smithsonian Folkways Recordings in 2001, and produced, recorded and annotated by Steven Feld.
Thanks to Henning Christiansen, Christa Cox, Andrew Deutsch, Steven Feld, Peter Nesbit, Linda Norden, Steve Roden, Peter Rostovsky, Andrew Fremont Smith, and Srdjan Jovanovich Weiss